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This dataset and resulting visualisation is simple, the objective was to demonstrate extracting information from a PDF table and creating a simple hybrid chart in R using ggplot2 library. The resulting dataset — ICAO World total revenue traffic international and domestic (scheduled services of airlines of ICAO Contracting States) – shows the evolution of the global traffic over past few years (with separate data for passenger and cargo traffic).

The first phase (data preparation) is described in this article.

icao_revenue <- read.csv("D:/world_total_revenue_traffic_CLEANED.csv")

####This is the code I wrote in R (Rstudio) for the hybrid chart:

head(icao_revenue)

##   Year X.Pax_ann_millions. X.Pax_ann_inc_perc..... Km_pax_ann_millions
## 1 1998                1471                     1.0             2628120
## 2 1999                1562                     6.2             2797800
## 3 2000                1672                     7.0             3037530
## 4 2001                1640                    -1.9             2949550
## 5 2002                1639                    -0.1             2964530
## 6 2003                1691                     3.2             3019100
##   Km_pax_ann_inc_perc Freight_tonnes_mill Freight_tonnes_inc_perc
## 1                 2.1                  27                     0.4
## 2                 6.5                  28                     6.0
## 3                 8.6                  30                     8.2
## 4                -2.9                  29                    -5.3
## 5                 0.5                  31                     9.0
## 6                 1.8                  34                     6.7
##   Km_freight_tonne Km_freight_tonne_inc_perc
## 1           101820                      -1.0
## 2           108660                       6.7
## 3           118080                       8.7
## 4           110800                      -6.2
## 5           119840                       8.2
## 6           125760                       4.9

scaling_factor <- max(icao_revenue$Km_pax_ann_millions) / max(icao_revenue$Km_freight_tonne)


ggplot(data = icao_revenue) + geom_col(aes(x = Year, y=Km_pax_ann_millions), fill="cyan") + labs(title= "Total scheduled traffic (1998-2021)",
x="Year",y="Passenger-kilometres (Billions)") +     
geom_line(aes(x=Year, y=Km_freight_tonne * scaling_factor), color="red", linewidth=3) +
scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = sec_axis(~ . / scaling_factor, name = "Freight tonne-kilometres performed (Billions)"))